{"id":31639,"date":"2025-11-12T14:43:46","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T12:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberkuzey.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/12\/yaptirimlarin-hafiflemesi-suriye-icin-ne-ifade-ediyor\/"},"modified":"2025-11-12T14:43:46","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T12:43:46","slug":"yaptirimlarin-hafiflemesi-suriye-icin-ne-ifade-ediyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberkuzey.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/12\/yaptirimlarin-hafiflemesi-suriye-icin-ne-ifade-ediyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hafiflemesi Suriye i\u00e7in ne ifade ediyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n


\n\tSuriye, yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k bask\u0131c\u0131 bir rejimin ve 13 y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan k\u00fcllerinden do\u011fmaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n


\n\t1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda darbeyle iktidara gelen Baas Partisi, Suriye\u2019yi \u201ctek sesli\u201d bir rejim haline getirdi. Haf\u0131z Esed\u2019in 1971\u2019de cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olmas\u0131yla bu yap\u0131 mutlak iktidara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6revi devralan o\u011flu Be\u015f\u015far Esed ise otoriter sistemi modernle\u015ftirmek yerine, ayn\u0131 bask\u0131 mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 daha da sertle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n


\n\t2011\u2019de ba\u015flayan i\u00e7 sava\u015f, bu uzun iktidar\u0131n en kanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemiydi. Kentler y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, n\u00fcfusun yar\u0131s\u0131 evsiz kald\u0131, milyonlarca insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Esed rejimi, kendi halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bombard\u0131manlarla uluslararas\u0131 toplumun hedefi haline geldi. ABD ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere onlarca \u00fclke, rejimi ekonomik ve diplomatik olarak izole etti. B\u00f6ylece Suriye, hem i\u00e7eriden hem d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fclkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n


\n\tAncak sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesiyle birlikte yeni bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flad\u0131. 2024\u2019\u00fcn sonunda olu\u015fan yeni Suriye Y\u00f6netimi, y\u0131llar s\u00fcren sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkeyi yeniden in\u015fa etme g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlendi. Bu y\u00f6netimin ba\u015f\u0131na da Ahmed \u015eara ge\u00e7ti. \u015eara, bug\u00fcne kadar hem b\u00f6lgesel dengeyi g\u00f6zeten hem de Bat\u0131\u2019yla temas\u0131 yeniden kurmay\u0131 hedefleyen bir profil \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n


\n\tRiyad\u2019da ba\u015flayan yeni diplomasi<\/h2>\n


\n\t\u015eara d\u00f6neminin ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, bu y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Riyad\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen \u201cArap Birli\u011fi Yeniden Yap\u0131lanma Zirvesi\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump ile Ahmed \u015eara ilk kez bir araya geldi.<\/p>\n


\n\tG\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme, Suudi Veliaht Prensi Muhammed bin Selman\u2019\u0131n ara buluculu\u011funda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. O d\u00f6nem diplomatik \u00e7evrelerde \u201cyeni bir sayfa m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor?\u201d sorusu y\u00fcksek sesle sorulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

[Suudi Arabistan’daki ilk \u015eara-Trump g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi, yeni d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nemli i\u015fareti olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Foto\u011fraf: AA]<\/span><\/div>\n


\n\tRiyad g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi, buzlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesinin ilk i\u015faretiydi. \u0130ki liderin bas\u0131na kapal\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplant\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, ABD taraf\u0131 \u201cSuriye halk\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin temkinli bir iyimserlik\u201d mesaj\u0131 verdi. Suudi Arabistan ise b\u00f6lgesel normalle\u015fme politikas\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bu diyalo\u011fu \u201cOrtado\u011fu\u2019da istikrar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m\u201d diye tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n


\n\tWashington g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n


\n\tAncak ger\u00e7ek d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131, ge\u00e7en hafta Washington\u2019da yap\u0131lan ikinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede ya\u015fand\u0131. Bu kez temas daha resm\u00ee, daha kapsaml\u0131yd\u0131. Beyaz Saray\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, Suriye\u2019nin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131, m\u00fclteci d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri, insani yard\u0131mlar ve b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 masadayd\u0131. En \u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7eken ba\u015fl\u0131k ise, 2019\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act (Sezar Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131) oldu.<\/p>\n


\n\tG\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin hemen ard\u0131ndan, ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yaparak Sezar Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda uygulanan ekonomik k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n 180 g\u00fcn boyunca k\u0131smen ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. A\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u201cBu karar, Suriye halk\u0131n\u0131n temel hizmetlere eri\u015fimini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak, yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcrecini insani temelde desteklemek amac\u0131yla al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d denildi.<\/p>\n

\"\u0130kinci[\u0130kinci \u015eara-Trump g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi ABD’de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Foto\u011fraf: AA]<\/span><\/div>\n


\n\tYap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, enerji, tar\u0131m, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve ula\u015ft\u0131rma gibi sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan baz\u0131 kurum ve \u015firketler belirli \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131m muafiyeti kazanabilecek. Ancak Suriye\u2019deki insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerinden sorumlu ki\u015fi ve kurumlara y\u00f6nelik yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n s\u00fcrece\u011fi vurguland\u0131. D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc ayr\u0131ca, \u201cBu ge\u00e7ici hafifleme, rejime y\u00f6nelik bir \u00f6d\u00fcl de\u011fil, Suriye halk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir kolayl\u0131kt\u0131r. Reform y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ilerleme sa\u011flanmazsa bu muafiyet s\u00fcresi uzat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n


\n\tTrump ise g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sonras\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u201cSuriye halk\u0131 \u00e7ok ac\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Art\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k yerine ilerlemeyi, y\u0131k\u0131m yerine onar\u0131m\u0131 te\u015fvik edece\u011fiz\u201d diyerek yeni d\u00f6nemin \u00e7er\u00e7evesini \u00e7izdi. \u015eara da \u201cBu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sayg\u0131ya dayal\u0131 yeni bir d\u00f6nemin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olabilir\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle yan\u0131t verdi.<\/p>\n


\n\tBu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar, hem sahada hem diplomatik masada yeni bir s\u00fcrecin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. On \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcren sava\u015f\u0131n ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Suriye ilk kez \u201cnormalle\u015fme\u201d kelimesini g\u00fcndemine al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n


\n\tSezar Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 neydi, neyi kaps\u0131yordu, k\u0131smen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ne anlama geliyor?<\/h2>\n


\n\tYapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n k\u00f6keni: \u201cSezar\u201d nereden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n


\n\t2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri Kongresi taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act (Sezar Suriye Sivil Koruma Yasas\u0131), Be\u015f\u015far Esed rejiminin sivillere y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na tepki olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Yasa ad\u0131n\u0131, Suriye ordusunda g\u00f6revli \u201cCaesar\u201d kod adl\u0131 bir askeri foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131zd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015fkence alt\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen binlerce tutsa\u011fa ait foto\u011fraflardan al\u0131yordu. Bu belgeler, sava\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n boyutunu d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6stermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n


\n\tYasan\u0131n amac\u0131, rejimi ekonomik olarak izole etmek, sava\u015f makinesini finanse eden ki\u015fi ve kurumlar\u0131n k\u00fcresel sisteme eri\u015fimini engellemekti. B\u00f6ylece rejim, ekonomik bask\u0131 yoluyla siyasi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na zorlanacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"''Sezar'',[”Sezar”, 2014’te Esed rejiminin rejim muhaliflerini tuttu\u011fu hapishanelerde i\u015fkenceyle \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen tutuklular\u0131n foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnya bas\u0131n\u0131na s\u0131zd\u0131ran ”askeri polisin kod ad\u0131” olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Foto\u011fraf: AA]<\/span><\/div>\n


\n\tYapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n kapsam\u0131 neydi?<\/h2>\n


\n\tSezar Yasas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca Suriye\u2019deki devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, rejime dolayl\u0131 destek veren her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yabanc\u0131 akt\u00f6r\u00fc de hedef ald\u0131.<\/p>\n


\n\tEnerji, in\u015faat, m\u00fchendislik, u\u00e7ak sanayii ve bankac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6rlerinde rejimle i\u015f yapan \u015firketler, altyap\u0131 projelerinde yer alan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, rejimle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 finans kurumlar\u0131 ve arac\u0131lar, bu yasaya g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131labiliyordu.<\/p>\n


\n\tABD, bu mekanizma sayesinde yaln\u0131zca Suriye rejimini de\u011fil, Rusya ve \u0130ran gibi destek\u00e7ilerini de dolayl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde bask\u0131 alt\u0131na ald\u0131.<\/p>\n


\n\tBuna g\u00f6re herhangi bir yabanc\u0131 \u015firket Suriye\u2019de yeniden in\u015fa faaliyetlerine kat\u0131l\u0131rsa, ABD finans sisteminden d\u0131\u015flanma veya uluslararas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma riski ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu durum, sava\u015f sonras\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131lanmay\u0131 neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z hale getirdi. Suriye Merkez Bankas\u0131 kara listeye al\u0131nd\u0131; insani yard\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda neredeyse t\u00fcm ticari ak\u0131\u015f durdu.<\/p>\n


\n\tBu hafifleme Suriye\u2019yi nas\u0131l etkiler?<\/h2>\n


\n\tSezar Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131smen hafifletilmesi, Suriye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sadece ekonomik de\u011fil, diplomatik bir k\u0131r\u0131lma anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dclke, y\u0131llard\u0131r uluslararas\u0131 finans sisteminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmu\u015f, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar ve bankalar i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek riskli bir alan haline gelmi\u015fti. 180 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bu ge\u00e7ici ad\u0131m, ilk kez d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyayla temas imkan\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcndeme getiriyor. Ancak bu, temkinli bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Umut kadar belirsizlik de bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n


\n\tEkonomik etkiler<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n


\n\tYapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n gev\u015fetilmesi, \u00f6ncelikle \u00fclkenin temel altyap\u0131 projelerine ve insani yard\u0131mlara nefes ald\u0131racak. Enerji ve ula\u015ft\u0131rma sekt\u00f6rlerinde d\u0131\u015f kaynakl\u0131 finansman giri\u015finin \u00f6n\u00fc k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n


\n\tTar\u0131m ve g\u0131da tedariki \u00fczerindeki engellerin hafiflemesi, i\u00e7 piyasadaki fiyat istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de olsa dengeleyebilir.<\/p>\n


\n\tAncak y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f bir ekonomiyi aya\u011fa kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu ad\u0131m yeterli de\u011fil. Suriye liras\u0131 hala k\u0131r\u0131lgan, enflasyon \u00e7ift hanelerde ve bankac\u0131l\u0131k sistemi uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lardan kopuk durumda.<\/p>\n


\n\tDolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201ck\u0131smi rahatlama\u201d, halk\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131na hemen yans\u0131mayabilir, etkiler ancak birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde hissedilmeye ba\u015flanacak.<\/p>\n


\n\tDiplomatik etkiler<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n


\n\tWashington\u2019un bu ad\u0131m\u0131, \u015eara y\u00f6netimine do\u011frudan bir g\u00fcven oyu de\u011fil, \u015fartl\u0131 bir f\u0131rsat olarak okunuyor. Zaten ABD’li yetkililer de s\u0131k s\u0131k bunu dile getiriyor. ABD\u2019nin \u201cdenetimli esneklik\u201d politikas\u0131, Suriye\u2019yi b\u00f6lgesel diplomasi masas\u0131na geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeyi hedefliyor. Bu ba\u011flamda T\u00fcrkiye ve Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara bulucu rol, \u015fimdi Washington s\u00fcreciyle kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n


\n\tBat\u0131 ba\u015fkentlerinde bu geli\u015fme, \u201cSuriye\u2019nin yeniden entegrasyonu ba\u015fl\u0131yor mu?\u201d sorusunu g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Uzmanlara g\u00f6re, e\u011fer \u015eara y\u00f6netimi, i\u00e7 reformlar ve m\u00fclteci d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri konusunda ad\u0131m atarsa, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkeleri de ekonomik ili\u015fkileri yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irebilir. Bu ise uzun vadede Suriye\u2019nin yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcrecine milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n


\n\tB\u00f6lgesel yans\u0131malar<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n


\n\t\u00d6te yandan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hafifletilmesi b\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer ba\u015fkentlerin de dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015f durumda. T\u00fcrkiye, L\u00fcbnan, \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve Irak gibi \u00fclkeler, Suriye ile ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ekonomik bir f\u0131rsat olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. \u00d6zellikle Halep hatt\u0131n\u0131n yeniden canlanmas\u0131, hem kuzey Suriye\u2019deki dengeleri hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ihracat hatlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n


\n\tBununla birlikte ABD\u2019nin \u201ck\u0131smi hafifleme\u201d karar\u0131, Tahran ve Moskova\u2019y\u0131 d\u0131\u015farda tutuyor.<\/p>\n


\n\tSonu\u00e7 olarak Sezar Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131smen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Suriye i\u00e7in \u201cyeni bir sayfa\u201dn\u0131n ilk sat\u0131rlar\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n


\n\tSuriye’yi yak\u0131ndan takip eden uzmanlara g\u00f6re, yeni d\u00f6nem yaln\u0131zca Washington ve \u015eam aras\u0131ndaki diplomatik dengeye de\u011fil, Suriye\u2019nin i\u00e7erde ataca\u011f\u0131 cesur reform ad\u0131mlar\u0131na, y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehirlerini yeniden aya\u011fa kald\u0131rma iradesine ve sava\u015f yorgunu halk\u0131n\u0131n sabr\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olacak.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Suriye, yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k bask\u0131c\u0131 bir rejimin ve 13 y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan k\u00fcllerinden do\u011fmaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor. 1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda darbeyle iktidara gelen Baas Partisi, Suriye\u2019yi \u201ctek sesli\u201d bir rejim haline getirdi. Haf\u0131z Esed\u2019in 1971\u2019de cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olmas\u0131yla bu yap\u0131 mutlak iktidara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6revi devralan o\u011flu Be\u015f\u015far Esed ise otoriter sistemi modernle\u015ftirmek yerine, ayn\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31640,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya"],"yoast_head":"\nYapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hafiflemesi Suriye i\u00e7in ne ifade ediyor? - Haber Kuzey<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/haberkuzey.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/12\/yaptirimlarin-hafiflemesi-suriye-icin-ne-ifade-ediyor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hafiflemesi Suriye i\u00e7in ne ifade ediyor? - Haber Kuzey\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\" Suriye, yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k bask\u0131c\u0131 bir rejimin ve 13 y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan k\u00fcllerinden do\u011fmaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor. 1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda darbeyle iktidara gelen Baas Partisi, Suriye\u2019yi \u201ctek sesli\u201d bir rejim haline getirdi. 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